Who is the Rambo Granny of Melbourne

Heres a tabloid tale of 81-year-old gun-toting granny Ava Estelle of Melbourne, Australia, who purportedly took revenge on two men who raped her granddaughter by shooting their testicles off. Did the Rambo Granny of Melbourne Take Aim and Shoot? Its a marvelous story without a shred of truth. The tale of gun-toting granny Ava Estelle of Melbourne, Australia began circulating via email in 2000 a couple of years after it was first published in the Weekly World News, an American tabloid newspaper famous for its entertaining though factually-challenged content. An early Usenet posting of the story dated Feb. 7, 2000, contained a link (now defunct) to a reprint of the original text on the WWN website. The original title of the piece, which Aussie readers were quick to recognize as fake because its heavily laden with American slang, was Granbo. The Ava Estelle story is still being passed around as factual, though long since debunked as an Internet urban legend. A latter-day variant sports the tagline, Deport her to America — we need her! Sample Rambo Granny Email Heres email text contributed by L. Palmer on Feb. 9, 2000: MELBOURNE, Australia -- Gun-toting granny Ava Estelle, 81, was so ticked-off when two thugs raped her 18-year-old granddaughter that she tracked the unsuspecting ex-cons down -- and shot their testicles off!The old lady spent a week hunting those bums down and when she found them, she took revenge on them in her own special way, said admiring Melbourne police investigator Evan Delp.Then she took a taxi to the nearest police station, laid the gun on the sergeants desk and told him as calm as could be: Those bastards will never rape anybody again, by God.Cops say convicted rapist and robber Davis Furth, 33, lost both his penis and his testicles when outraged Ava opened fire with a 9mm pistol in the seedy hotel room where he and former prison cellmate Stanley Thomas, 29, were holed up.The wrinkled avenger also blew Thomas testicles to kingdom come, but doctors managed to save his mangled penis, police said.The one guy, Thomas, didnt lose his manhood, but the doctor I talked to said he w ont be using it the way he used to, Detective Delp told reporters. Both men are still in pretty bad shape, but I think theyre just happy to be alive after what theyve been through.The Rambo Granny swung into action August 21 after her granddaughter Debbie was carjacked and raped by two knife-wielding creeps in a section of town bordering on skid row.When I saw the look on my Debbies face that night in the hospital, I decided I was going to go out and get those bastards myself cause I figured the police would go easy on them, recalled the retired library worker. And I wasnt scared of them, either because Ive got me a gun and Ive been shootin it all my life.Using a police artists sketch of the suspects and Debbies description of the sickos car, tough-as-nails Ava spent seven days prowling the wino-infested neighborhood where the crime took place till she spotted the ill-fated rapists entering their flophouse hotel. I knew it was them the minute I saw em, but I shot a picture of em any way and took it back to Debbie and she said sure as hell, it was them, the ornery oldster recalled.So I went back to that hotel and found their room and knocked on the door -- and the minute the big one, Furth, opened the door, I shot em got right square between the legs, right where it would really hurt em most, you know. Then I went down to the police station and turned myself in.Now, baffled lawmen are tying to figure out how to deal with the vigilante granny. What she did was wrong, but you cant really throw an 81-year-old woman in prison Det. Delp said, especially when all 3 million people in the city want to nominate her for sainthood. Sources: Granbo - Gun-Toting Granny Shoots Two Rapists Testicles OffWeekly World News, 20 October 1998

African- American Civil Rights Movement of 1955-1968 Essay

Introduction The series of African – American Civil Rights movements, which stretched from 1955 to 1968, aimed at restoring the rights of the African – American people and liberating them from the social and racial discrimination. This movement changed the social and political structure of the United States. The main catch was that the movement accomplished successful results following the ‘nonviolent resistance’, establishing the fact that the Christian religion believed in peace and equality. Birth of the Civil Rights Movements: United States, since its foundation has endured racial inequality. The government and other major institutions were administrated by the ‘whites’ and the ‘black’ Americans lacked behind in every aspect of†¦show more content†¦By 1955, the policy of ‘Massive Resistance’ was employed which followed the pattern of non-violent resistance in the form of boycotts and sit-ins .Some of the successful movements include: Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 – 1956) in Alabama, Greensboro sit-in (1960) in North Carolina and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama. The prominent leaders of the Movement include Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph Abernathy, Joseph Lowry, Fred Shuttlesworth, Malcolm X, Rosa Parks and W.E.B Du Bois. Major issues: Voter Registration Categorization One of the major focuses of the entire movement was to reinstate the political voting rights of the African American people and include their representations in the government organizations. The alteration of the Mississippi law in 1890 included some provisions such as poll taxes, literacy tests and residency requirements which made registration for the black people close to impossible; as majority were not stable, financially as well as educationally. Some prominent local Black leaders tried to convince SNCC to promote the registration of the Black voters and help set up organizations that shared political power within the state, contrary to the conventional culture of White domination. The successful action was taken in 1961, when SNCC organizer Robert Moses took initiatives to establish a project, fulfilling the demanded terms in McComb and some otherShow MoreRelatedEssay about Lasting African Conributions to American Society890 Words   |  4 Pagesusing African slave labor. Africa slaves were not allowed to be educated. All most every African slave could not read or write because it was against the law to educate slaves for over 200 years. 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King s efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered hisRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement And The American Civil Movement958 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement, also known as the American Civil Rights Movement and other names, is a term that encompasses the strategies, groups, and social movements in the United Stat es whose goals were to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to secure legal recognition and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in the Constitution and federal law. The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, actsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement â€Å"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.† This was a speech by Martin Luther King Jr. Even one hundred years after slavery was banned, African Americans were still being treated unfairly. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most famous leaders of the Civil Rights movement in the 1960’s. The Civil Rights movement was a movement of AfricanRead MoreAfrican Americans From The Civil Rights Era Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesDiversity 1020.51 2 October 2015 African Americans 1968-Present Introduction We re not Americans, we re Africans who happen to be in America. We were kidnapped and brought here against our will from Africa. We didn t land on Plymouth Rock - that rock landed on us (Malcolm X). 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It had enormous effects on the issue of black racial inequality, which was prevalent in the country at the time. Rosa Parks’ singular act led to the Montgomery bus Boycott, which highlighted to the larger American community the everyday racism faced by African Americans. Inturn this led to a community push for the desegregation of the transportRead MoreImpact Of Emmett Till On The Civil Rights Movement1210 Words   |  5 PagesEmmett Till sparked the Civil Rights Movement/ The Civil Rights Movement On August 28, 1955, a 14 year-old African American boy, named Emmett Till, was brutally murdered after being accused of flirting with a white woman four days earlier. Emmett’s murder caused outrage across the nation, thousands of people attended Emmett’s open casket funeral on September 3, 1955, and pictures of his deformed, decomposing body spread across the US. Emmett’s Mother urged the world to look at her son’s beatenRead MoreEssay on The Civil Rights Movement1014 Words   |  5 Pagesoutline the main events of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. Specifically, the focus will be on the main activists involved in the movement such as Martin Luther King Jr and Rosa Parks and the major campaigns of civil resistance. The Civil Rights Movement refers to the movements in the United States aimed at outlawing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring voting rights in Southern states.African-Americans were able to gain the rights to issues such as equal access

The Adidas AG and Virgin Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyse and evaluate the Adidas AG and Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd and its Marketing. Answer: Comparison between theories and practice Salam et al. (2015) stated that the theory of marketing ix is developed in order to help marketers regarding targeting potential customers and attain maximum profitability. However, if utilized in other way, this theory can also provide opportunity to assess whether or not an organization is proceeding in an accurate direction. The theory of marketing mix highlights that a company should formulate right products that works well and sold at right place (Erragcha and Romdhane 2014). It is also illustrated in the theory that these products not only presented in a correct place but the most suitable promotional strategies should also be used so that more people get aware of their products. Adidas Product The marketing strategy illustrates that the product has to have the right features with great appearance (Salam et al. 2015). Adidas is famous for their sportswear and they fulfill the marketing strategy of product by incorporating fashion in sportswear. They major product lines are footwear, clothings and accessories (Erragcha and Romdhane 2014). It can be said that they have integrated extra features in their products ranges and thus adapts a depth in this aspects. In the shoes, Adidas have incorporated technology for reducing the impacts during running, spares joints from stress and protection of heals in their product range Adiprene (Adidascenter.com 2017). They have also incorporated lightweight arch support in their range of Torsion System. Image 1: Adidas product portfolio (Source: Adidascenter.com 2017) Though their major focus is only the sportspeople but they have developed their products for other common people who desire to experience their services. They also target children from their Adifit shoes ranges, which is a removable shoethat provides better size fitting of childrens shoes (Ind et al. 2015). The technology is also used for increase the durability of their shoe and Blown Rubber and UtraFoam is used to formulate shoes. This makes them to attain the position of Top priority in 2007 and a brand of choice for runners on all level (Adidascenter.com 2017). Compared to the marketing theory their practice matches as they constantly upgrades and innovate the features of the shoes in order to attain more customer satisfaction. Price According to the marketing mix theory, the price of the product must be right so that company can obtain large customer base to produce a healthy profit. Salam et al. (2015) thus depicts that the more is the customer base, the more will be the profit of the organization. However, Adidas do not usually intend to attract people with lower income group. They adapts skimming pricing strategy where the cost of the new products is much higher but it can be said that they can utilize the strategy of competitive pricing strategy in order to attract more people. Thus, it can be said that Adidas use the competitive pricing strategy for run on the mill products to compete with other companies like Nike, Reebok and Puma. Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd Price In this aspect also it can be said that Virgin Australia has followed the marketing mix strategy effectively. They have developed different fare type like- Business Lite, business, Saver, Saver Lite, Flexi, Premium and Premium Lite (Virginaustralia 2017). All these price options allow them to offer service to each group of the community. Thus, the theory of actual price marketing mix is put into forward into practice by Virgin Australian Holdings Limited. On comparing the prices of the flight services, it is found that: Airways Flight services along with their Prices Virgin Australia Saver Lite Saver Flexi Business Business Saver $109.00 $125.00 $269.00 $598.00 $519.00 Qantas Red e-Deal Fully Flexible Flexi Saver Business $163.00 $536.00 $269.00 $669.00 Jet Star Red e-Deal Fully Flexible $120.00 $324.00 Tiger Airways Standard $64.95 Table 1: Flight services along with their Prices (Source: Created by the Author) Thus, it can be said that Virgin Australia has followed the competitive pricing strategy that allows them to attain more competitive advantage. In this aspect also, it is found that the theory of pricing strategy is fulfilled through the practice of Virgin Australia. Products As a part of the products innovation, Virgin Australia has a single core product on which they have to focus. However, they have bring innovation in their existing services like incorporation of new buses, improves lounging areas, free Wi-Fi onboard and collaborates with other leading companies through which customers can get aware of their brands (Virginaustralia 2017). Virgin Australia introduced Samsung Galaxy Tablets on International flights. Moreover, the facilities in the products have been improved by incorporating online services. Facility like booking, cancellation of booking, in-flight entertainment, priority check-in, priority boarding and lounge entry are some of the new facility that is incorporated in the flight services of Virgin Australia. Moreover, additional facilities like food- and- beverages and extra legroom are also formulated in order to attract more customers. Thus, as per as the marketing strategy, it can be said that Virgin Australia satisfy the theory thro ugh their practice. Reference List Adidascenter.com., 2017.Technologies - Adidas Center - www.adidascenter.com. [online] Available at: https://adidascenter.com/cms.php?id_cms=7id_lang=1 [Accessed 13 Jun. 2017]. Erragcha, N. and Romdhane, R., 2014. New faces of marketing in the era of the web: from marketing 1.0 to marketing 3.0.Journal of Research in Marketing,2(2), pp.137-142. Ind, N., Iglesias, O. and Schultz, M., 2015. How Adidas Found Its Second Wind.Strategy+ Business, (80). Salam, A., Inam, S.G. and Awan, W.A., 2015. The Impact of Marketing Mix (5 Ps) Elements on Sales of UPS: A Case of Karachi Market-Buyer's Perspective.Journal of Business Strategies,9(1), p.51. Virginaustralia., 2017.Virgin Australia| Home Page. [online] Available at: https://www.virginaustralia.com/ [Accessed 13 Jun. 2017].

Temperature Effects on Radish Root Development Essay Sample free essay sample

Several surveies have been conducted to set up how temperature. seed sprouting. and root growing are related. Because temperature plays a chief function in many growing procedures. we decided to concentrate on how it affected root growing. Radish ( Raphanus sativus ) seeds were chosen due to their ability to bring forth a distinguishable bulblike tuber. and their comparatively short turning clip. Three trial groups were placed under different temperature conditions. There was one â€Å"control† group. one â€Å"hot† group. and one â€Å"cold† group. All trial groups were placed in metal trays and set on a rhythm of 12 hours of light exposure and12 hours of dark exposure. Each group was monitored and given the appropriate sum of H2O to keep damp dirt. The radishes were removed from their dirt and root lengths were measured. We so ran a two-tailed t-test to find if there was a important difference between groups. We found that there was no difference between hot an d control groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Temperature Effects on Radish Root Development Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page but that a important difference did be between the cold and hot/control groups. This is most likely because the radishes used are grown in the summer and are non accustomed to the colder temperatures. Introduction The relationship between temperature. seed sprouting. and root growing has been established through surveies dating back to the 1800’s. Almost all surveies have been conducted with a changeless temperature for 24 hours a twenty-four hours ( Reddick 1917 ) . A 12 hr rhythm was chosen to reenforce the strong diurnal beat that are shown in most magnoliopsids ( Yazdanbakhsh and Fisahn 2011 ) . The bulk of works root growing occurs during dark periods and exposure to different temperatures during this period has been shown to bring forth the greatest response ( Yazdanbakhsh and Fisahn 2011 ) . Percentage of H2O within a seed greatly affects seed sprouting ( Waggoner 1971 ) . As per centum of H2O additions seed sprouting clip besides increases. While radish seeds with a H2O content of four per centum germinate within two yearss. a seed that contained 18 per centum H2O will non shoot after seven yearss ( Waggoner 1971 ) . Waggoner ( 1971 ) besides proved that seeds are heat immune if internal H2O content is about one per centum. Water content of dirt besides influences seed sprouting. Seeds exposed to high temperatures had greater endurance when kept in damp dirt ( Elegy 1990 ) . Most workss have an optimal temperature that will arouse the fastest sprouting clip. For citrous fruit seeds. this optimal sprouting temperature existed between 31-35 °C ( Camps et al 1932 ) . Temperatures outside this optimum may retard seed sprouting. Seedling sprouting from natural weed species was reduced by 90 per centum when the maximal dirt temperature reached 61 °C ( Melander 2005 ) . In another survey it was determined that seed sprouting did non happen below 20 °C or above 40 °C ( Egley 1990 ) . The relationship between utmost temperatures and seed sprouting was besides confirmed in an experiment on chou workss ( Fusarium conglutinans ) by Reddick ( 1917 ) . Seeds that were kept at utmost temperatures did non shoot. Extreme temperatures have been shown to hold a greater consequence on originating sprouting compared to later developmental procedures ( Dell’Aquila 2005 ) . Methods Our experiment was conducted at Tennessee Technological University Cookeville in a biological science lab room. The room was kept at a changeless temperature of 21 °C. Study beings were radish ( Raphanus sativus ) seeds. Seeds were adult indoors near a West confronting window in fictile starting motor pots. Pots were placed into metal trays for the continuance of the survey. Growth clip for the radish seeds was five hebdomads. A fluorescent visible radiation provided unreal sunshine for this survey. To guarantee seed sprouting. utmost temperatures were avoided and seeds were moistened with 20 milliliters of tepid H2O every dark before temperature intervention. We used seeds with equal H2O contents and were kept on a diurnal rhythm. Radishs used were â€Å"pink beauties† . Trial groups were placed under three different dirt temperature conditions labeled â€Å"cold† . â€Å"control† . and â€Å"hot† . Soil temperatures were 4 °C. 21 °C. and 30 °C se verally. Average dirt temperature was measured with a thermometer inserted 2. 54 centimeter into the dirt of each pot. A sum of 15 fictile starting motor pots were used with 5 pots per group. Miracle Grow Seed Starter dirt was assorted in a pail with 1200 milliliter tepid H2O until equally moistened. 300 milliliter of moistened dirt was placed into each starting motor pot. Once dirt was distributed. one radish seed was positioned about 1. 27 cm deep into every pot. An extra 40 milliliter of H2O was added to each pot to guarantee dirt was exhaustively moistened. All trial groups were placed in metal trays and set on a 12 hr visible radiation and 12 hr dark rhythm. During 12 hours of visible radiation. the trial groups did non have any intervention. During the 12 hr dark period. the â€Å"cold† group was kept in a icebox set at changeless 4 °C and the â€Å"hot† group was placed on a warming tablet set at a changeless temperature of 30 °C. The control group remained at room temperature ( 21 °C ) . After the 12 hr dark period. all groups were returned to normal room conditions. After 5 hebdomads. we removed the workss from their pots. We measured root length utilizing a 10 centimetre swayer. We determined root growing by mensurating where foliages emerged from the chief shoot to where tap colour of the radishes ended. While this does n on include the entireness of root length it does give us a good indicant of overall radish development. This method was used because radishes did non develop every bit rapidly as anticipated and taproots were to flimsy and interrupt to be decently measured. Consequences We used a two-tailed t-test with ? = 0. 05 to analyse our informations. The t-test was run utilizing Microsoft Excel. Statistical differences were determined by comparing our deliberate P values with our initial value of. 05. If our deliberate values were less than. 05 so there was a statistical difference. A statistical difference was found between control and cold groups ( p = 0. 009 ) . and a statistical difference was besides found between hot and cold groups ( p=0. 044 ) . No statistical difference was found between the hot group and control group. Average root lengths ( Figure 1. ) . and natural root length informations for each pot ( Table 1. ) can be seen below. Table 1. -Root Length of ( Raphanus sativus ) ( centimeter ) ControlHotCold14. 54. 52. 724. 53. 42. 233. 44. 91. 846. 533. 555. 33. 12. 8 Figure 1. Average root lengths of all three groups in centimetres Discussion Overall. development deceleration was most likely due to hapless light conditions. Pink Beauty Radishes are cultivated in summer months when yearss are longer. The window that the radishes were sitting following to merely supply direct sunshine for about three hours daily. Radishs were in lower visible radiation conditions than is normally required for proper cultivation and the fluorescent bulb was non a sufficient addendum for natural visible radiation. Cold radishes most likely experient slow growing due to their inability to get by with the colder temperature. As Pink Beauty Radishes are meant to be cultivated in summer months they are ill-equipped for colder temperatures. The scrawny development in the cold group can besides be attributed to the fact that infrigidation provided a more utmost alteration in temperature than the warming tablet. The temperature was lowered 17 grades while in the hot group temperature was raised by merely 9 grades. Development deceleration may hold b esides occurred due to the overall atmospheric alteration that occurs within the icebox. Radishs in the icebox had cold air invariably fluxing over the pots. Hot radishes had a warming tablet placed underneath their metal tray. and air fluxing over pots was non affected by the warming tablet ; go forthing the air at room temperature ( 21 °C ) . From root length measurings. we found that radish seeds do hold an optimal temperature for root development. Radish root development will non be retarded in temperatures from at least 21-30 °C. The cold temperatures had a greater inauspicious consequence on the radish roots than the hot temperatures. Radishs may be able to manage utmost temperatures that reach good over 30 °C ; nevertheless. the optimum temperature scope most likely does non make much farther below our control temperature of 21 °C. Hot radishes did non hold a important difference in root length from the control specimens. However. hot radish roots were less developed than the control and tubers did non exhibit any pink colour. In future surveies. different heating methods should be used to guarantee even heating for all of radishes. Research workers may besides desire to assign longer growing periods for radish seeds to to the full develop. Mentions Camp. Loucks. and Mowry. 1932. The Effects of Soil Temperature on the Germination of Citrus Seeds. American Journal of Botany. 20 ( 5 ) . 348-357. Dell’aquila. A. 2005. The Use Of Image Analysis To Monitor The Germination Of Seeds Of Broccoli ( Brassica Oleracea ) And Radish ( Raphanus Sativus ) . Annalss Of Applied Biology 146. 4: 545-550. in Biological A ; Agricultural Index Plus ( H. W. Wilson ) . Egley. Grant H. 1990. High temperature Effectss on Germination and Survival of Weed Seeds in Soil. Weed Science. 38 ( 4/5 ) . 429-435. Melander. B. . and J. K. Kristensen. 2011 Soil Steaming Effects On Weed Seedling Emergence Under The Influence Of Soil Type. Soil Moisture. Soil Structure And Heat Duration. in Annals Of Applied Biology 158: 194-203. in Biological A ; Agricultural Index Plus ( H. W. Wilson ) . Yazdanbakhsh. Nima and Fisahn. Joachim. 2011. Stable diurnal growing beat modulate root elongation of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Root 5: 17-23. Reddick. Donald. 1917. Effectss of Soil Temperature on the Growth of Bean Plants and Their Susceptibility to a Root Parasite. American Journal of Botany. 4 ( 9 ) . 513-519. Ridley. Caroline E. . Seung-Chul Kim. and Norman C. Ellstrand. 2008. Bidirectional History Of Hybridization In California Wild Radish. Raphanus Sativus ( Brassicaceae ) . As Revealed By Chloroplast DNA. American Journal Of Botany 95. 11: 1437-1442. in Biological A ; Agricultural Index Plus ( H. W. Wilson ) . Waggoner. H. D. 1971. The Viability of Radish Seeds ( Raphanus Sativus L. ) As Affected by High Temperatures and Water Content. American Journal of Botany. 4 ( 5 ) . 299-313

Top 10 Grammar and Spelling Errors from 2010!

Top 10 Grammar and Spelling Errors from 2010! In the past year as The Essay Expert, I’ve seen a lot of grammar and spelling errors. Here are some of the most common. Lets toast to learning something new in 2011! 10.   Lose vs. Loose. You lose your keys or your mind. Your belt might be loose, or you might let loose on the weekends. Click here for more: Common Spelling Mistakes:   Lose vs. Loose 9.   Lead vs. Led. A common resume mistake is to write â€Å"Lead† as a past tense verb. â€Å"Led† is the past tense of â€Å"lead.† If your position was in the past, start your bullet with â€Å"Led† (a great past tense power verb!) 8. Who vs. that. People are â€Å"who†; things are â€Å"that.† Don’t say, â€Å"I know a guy that can fix your car.† Say, â€Å"I know a guy who can fix your car.† 7.   I vs. Me. Don’t say â€Å"My dad really loves my sister and I.† You wouldn’t say â€Å"My dad loves I†; you would say â€Å"My dad loves me.† So why would you change â€Å"me† to â€Å"I† just because he loves your sister too? The correct sentence would be â€Å"My dad really loves my sister and me.† For more examples, see Common Grammatical Errors:   Between You and Me. 6.   Then vs. Than. â€Å"Then† relates to time. When? Then (it rhymes)! â€Å"I got up, then made my coffee.† â€Å"Than† is a comparison word. â€Å"This paper is longer than it’s supposed to be.† 5.   Affect vs. Effect. â€Å"Affect† is most often used as a verb:   â€Å"How did his words affect you?† â€Å"Effect† is most often used as a noun: â€Å"What effect did his words have on you?† There are limited exceptions to each of these generalities. â€Å"Affect† can mean someone’s countenance or attitude: â€Å"His pompous affect repelled us.† And â€Å"effect† can be a verb if used to mean â€Å"implement†: â€Å"His goal was to effect change in the legal system.† If you go with â€Å"affect = verb, effect = noun,† you’ll be right 99% of the time. 4. Periods and commas placed outside quotation marks. In the U.S., commas and periods always go INSIDE the quotation marks. In many other countries, they only go inside when they are part of the quotation. I even see people putting periods and commas outside the quotation marks when they are part of the quotation! That last one I don’t understand. Here’s my article on the topic, The Quandary of Quotation Marks. 3.   Comma splices. An example of a comma splice is â€Å"Last year I got great grades, I even won an award.† In this sentence, you need to replace the comma with a period or semicolon to correct it, or add an â€Å"and† after the comma. For my article on this aspect of using commas and semicolons, click here:   How to Use Commas and Semicolons. 2.   Apostrophes used to make plurals. The plural of brother is brothers. The plural of Smith is Smiths. When making a plural out of a noun or proper noun, there is no need for an apostrophe! Brother’s is the possessive of brother, e.g. â€Å"I covet my brother’s car.† Smith’s is the possessive of Smith, e.g., â€Å"Mr. Smith’s house is painted purple.† I talk about this issue a bit more in Why It’s Important to Write Right in the Legal Profession. 1. Its vs. It’s.   This one is the hands-down winner! Today I even saw, on a blog, â€Å"Would apple sell its’ products for $10?† The rule: It’s means it is and the apostrophe creates a contraction, just as in can’t or don’t. Its is the possessive of it and does NOT take an apostrophe. And its is not a word. It’s simple! My article on this topic is located here: Common Spelling and Grammar Errors: It’s vs. Its My great hope is that this list will be different for 2011. Can you help make it happen? Category:UncategorizedBy Brenda BernsteinDecember 27, 2010 18 Comments Roy Daniel DSilva says: December 28, 2010 at 9:18 am I am the guy who runs the site that says Its product for $10. Believe me I had to retype twice to get the wrong spelling now that you pointed it out! Goes to show that being lazy is as much as a crime as being uneducated! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: December 28, 2010 at 9:31 am Roy, Im thrilled that you commented here. Thank you for reading and for learning! Log in to Reply Rosanne Dingli says: December 28, 2010 at 9:23 am These, Brenda, are my all-time bug-bears. My clients make them all the time. When I was teaching primary school, I would slip in information like this to the students, who loved Little details, at the end of some lessons. And I didnt even teach English. I like how you say led is a strong verb. I might use it in next weeks blog look out for it. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: December 28, 2010 at 9:32 am Rosanne, perhaps the two of us can work together to change next years list 🙂 Log in to Reply Diane Kern says: December 28, 2010 at 8:22 pm Now I know why am so confused about (). I am American and my Mom was Welsh. My spelling and grammar are half and half. Ha,ha,ha Diane Log in to Reply Hajra says: December 29, 2010 at 2:26 am Hey, Loved the compilation. My personal experience has been to do with whose and whos! I dont know why many end up making these mistakes, there is a spell check and grammar option available in almost all writing applications Isnt it so? Looking forward to reading more of your stuff! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: December 29, 2010 at 8:36 am Thank you Hajra! Unfortunately spelling and grammar checks often highlight things that are actually correct. Some people might just not pay that much attention. For our readers, whose is an interrogative pronoun or relative pronoun: Whose life is it anyway? or I know a guy whose toes cant wiggle (dont ask where I came up with that one). Whos is the contraction of who is: Whos that guy with the weird toes? or I know a guy whos a lion tamer. If you cant insert who is and have the sentence make sense, use whose. Log in to Reply madhur says: December 29, 2010 at 9:29 am Nice one..these are pretty common mistakes.good to see it compiled in one place Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 3, 2011 at 10:37 am Diana you are absolutely correct about the proper way to write dates. We say July 4th, 2011, but we write July 4, 2011. More and more errors are being made in many areas, not just this one! Log in to Reply Andy says: January 8, 2011 at 1:33 am Ummm, why are the words say and write in quotation marks? Arent you emphasizing them, and not quoting someone? You are confusing me. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 8, 2011 at 1:36 am Hi Andy, I think youre responding to one of my replies to a comment? I actually put stars around those words for emphasis, but maybe they are showing up on your computer as quotation marks? My apologies! Now that I am aware of the issue I will use italics instead for emphasis! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 4, 2011 at 9:28 pm Thanks Cameron. What a great trick! And Im so thrilled to have a 10th grader reading my blog! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 10, 2011 at 10:26 pm Staff can actually be singular or plural. See Rule #15 in the following article from Grammarbook.com There are other words that can also be treated as singular or plural, such as committee, family, and team. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: January 11, 2011 at 10:49 pm Thanks again for your comment Kplan. I like this explanation from Wiki Answers which encourages avoidance of the issue: Staff, for all intents and purposes, is singular. There is one staff. Definition 5.e. in Merriam-Websters entry allows for use as plural, however, the preferred use is singular. Think of staff as the sum total of the parts. (As the pie is made up of the slices.) PREFERRED: Fifteen members of the staff attended the meeting. AVOID: Fifteen staff attended the meeting. In addition, most publications that follow Associated Press guidelines will use only the singular. When in doubt, avoid the word. Recraft the sentence using a different word, like employees, or workers. Read more: https://wiki.answers.com/Q/Is_the_word_staff_singular_or_plural#ixzz1An0WXWmb Log in to Reply Rose-Anne Raies says: February 5, 2011 at 10:50 am An excellent and much needed article in todays world. Unfortunately, there is not enough attention paid to proper grammar and punctuation and spelling too. My parents were sticklers for this and the skills they taught, along with my teachers, have served me well in the legal community and in writing for clients. Thanks for handy Top 10. It is a pet peeve of mine when people use words like its vs. its and whos vs. whose incorrectly. Every once in a while I still have to go back to the basics on words that cause trouble like affect and effect too. Well done! Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: February 5, 2011 at 11:50 am Thank you Rose-Anne. I do what I can! Its amazing how much people love to learn about these things, yet make so many errors. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: July 18, 2011 at 11:36 am LOL I know what you mean! I cant seem to resist correcting even the people closest to me. Log in to Reply The Essay Expert says: October 20, 2011 at 5:03 am Thanks Leal I will definitely consider these for 2011 along with definitely vs. definately! Log in to Reply

United States Transforming International Institutions

United States Transforming International Institutions United States Transforming International Institutions On thÐ µ onÐ µ hand, thÐ µ US has bÐ µÃ µn thÐ µ grÐ µatÐ µst champion in transforming intÐ µrnational institutions in thÐ µ twÐ µntiÐ µth cÐ µntury, urging on thÐ µ world various sorts of nÐ µw organizational crÐ µations. On thÐ µ othÐ µr hand, AmÐ µrica has also tÐ µndÐ µd to rÐ µsist tying itsÐ µlf in institutional commitmÐ µnts and obligations. Across thÐ µ cÐ µnturyand in particular at thÐ µ major post-war turning points of 1919, 1945, and 1989thÐ µ UnitÐ µd StatÐ µs pursuÐ µd ambitious stratÐ µgiÐ µs that includÐ µd thÐ µ usÐ µ of a rangÐ µ of tools to rÐ µmakÐ µ intÐ µrnational ordÐ µr. No othÐ µr country has advancÐ µd such far-rÐ µaching and Ð µlaboratÐ µ idÐ µas about how institutions might bÐ µ Ð µmployÐ µd to organizÐ µ and managÐ µ thÐ µ rÐ µlations bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn statÐ µs. But dÐ µspitÐ µ this Ð µnthusiasm for crÐ µating institutions and a rulÐ µ-basÐ µd intÐ µrnational ordÐ µr, thÐ µ UnitÐ µd StatÐ µs bÐ µÃ µn rÐ µluctant to connÐ µct itsÐ µlf to thÐ µsÐ µ institutions and rulÐ µs. An obvious hypothÐ µsis is that thÐ µ UnitÐ µd StatÐ µs organizÐ µs and opÐ µratÐ µs within intÐ µrnational institutions whÐ µn it can dominatÐ µ thÐ µm and rÐ µsists doing so whÐ µn it cannot. But a slightly morÐ µ complÐ µx sÐ µt of calculations sÐ µÃ µm to bÐ µ involvÐ µd. This papÐ µr, by rÐ µfÐ µrring to thÐ µ concÐ µpts analyzÐ µd by Brooks and Wohlforth (2009), arguÐ µs that AmÐ µrica should activÐ µly strÐ µngthÐ µn and promotÐ µ its position in transforming intÐ µrnational institutions and variations in its institutional rÐ µlations with Ð µuropÐ µ in ordÐ µr to sÐ µcurÐ µ its influÐ µncÐ µ on thÐ µ global lÐ µvÐ µl (Durch, 2003). ThÐ µ attraction of institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnts for AmÐ µrica is that it potÐ µntially locks othÐ µr statÐ µs into stablÐ µ and prÐ µdictablÐ µ policy oriÐ µntations, thÐ µrÐ µby rÐ µducing its nÐ µÃ µd to usÐ µ forcÐ µ. But thÐ µ pricÐ µ that thÐ µ UnitÐ µd StatÐ µs must pay for this institutionalizÐ µd coopÐ µration is a rÐ µduction in its own policy autonomy and its rÐ µducÐ µd ability to Ð µxÐ µrcisÐ µ powÐ µr. ThÐ µ cÐ µntral quÐ µstion that AmÐ µrican policy-makÐ µrs havÐ µ confrontÐ µd ovÐ µr thÐ µ dÐ µcadÐ µs aftÐ µr 1945 in rÐ µgard to its Ð µconomic and sÐ µcurity tiÐ µs with Ð µuropÐ µ, and Ð µlsÐ µwhÐ µrÐ µ around thÐ µ world as wÐ µll, is: how much policy lock is worth rÐ µduction in AmÐ µrican policy autonomy and rÐ µstraints on its powÐ µr? ThÐ µ answÐ µr liÐ µs in thÐ µ hÐ µart of thÐ µ concÐ µpt that institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnts can lock othÐ µr statÐ µs into a rÐ µlativÐ µly stablÐ µ ordÐ µr (RÐ µisman, 2000). ThÐ µ institutions hÐ µlp crÐ µatÐ µ a morÐ µ favorablÐ µ and cÐ µrtain political Ð µnvironmÐ µnt in which thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ pursuÐ µs its intÐ µrÐ µsts. This is possiblÐ µ bÐ µcausÐ µ institutions can opÐ µratÐ µ as mÐ µchanisms of political control. WhÐ µn a statÐ µ agrÐ µÃ µs to tiÐ µ itsÐ µlf to thÐ µ commitmÐ µnts and obligations of an intÐ µr-statÐ µ institution, it is agrÐ µÃ µing to rÐ µducÐ µ its policy autonomy. A lÐ µading statÐ µ that has crÐ µatÐ µd an institutionalizÐ µd ordÐ µr that works to its long-tÐ µrm bÐ µnÐ µfit is bÐ µttÐ µr off than a lÐ µading statÐ µ opÐ µrating in a frÐ µÃ µ-floating ordÐ µr rÐ µquiring thÐ µ constant and costly Ð µxÐ µrcisÐ µ of powÐ µr to gÐ µt its way (RÐ µisman, 2000). Institutions can sÐ µrvÐ µ at lÐ µast two purposÐ µs in intÐ µrnational rÐ µlations. First, as somÐ µ critics arguÐ µ, institutions can hÐ µlp solvÐ µ intÐ µrnational problÐ µms by rÐ µducing thÐ µ commitmÐ µnt problÐ µms and transaction costs that stand in thÐ µ way of Ð µfficiÐ µnt and mutually bÐ µnÐ µficial political Ð µxchangÐ µ (Litan, 2000). But institutions arÐ µ also instrumÐ µnts of political control. As TÐ µrry MoÐ µ (1990, p. 213) arguÐ µs, political institutions arÐ µ also wÐ µapons of coÐ µrcion and rÐ µdistribution. ThÐ µy arÐ µ thÐ µ structural mÐ µans by which political winnÐ µrs pursuÐ µ thÐ µir own intÐ µrÐ µsts, oftÐ µn at thÐ µ Ð µxpÐ µnsÐ µ of political losÐ µrs. A winning political party in CongrÐ µss will try to writÐ µ thÐ µ committÐ µÃ µ voting rulÐ µs to favor its intÐ µrÐ µsts. Similarly, in intÐ µrnational rÐ µlations, a powÐ µrful statÐ µ will want to makÐ µ its advantagÐ µs as systÐ µmatic an d durablÐ µ as possiblÐ µ by trying to tiÐ µ wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs into favorablÐ µ institutional arrangÐ µmÐ µnts (OstrowÐ µr, 1998). ThÐ µ attraction of institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnts for thÐ µ UnitÐ µd StatÐ µs is twofold. First, if AmÐ µrica can gÐ µt othÐ µr statÐ µs to tiÐ µ thÐ µmsÐ µlvÐ µs to a multilatÐ µral institution that dirÐ µctly or indirÐ µctly sÐ µrvÐ µs its long-tÐ µrm intÐ µrÐ µsts, it will not nÐ µÃ µd to spÐ µnd its rÐ µsourcÐ µs to constantly forcÐ µ othÐ µr statÐ µs. It is thÐ µ most powÐ µrful statÐ µ, hÐ µncÐ µ, it is likÐ µly that it would win many or most of thÐ µ Ð µndlÐ µss distributivÐ µ battlÐ µs with subordinatÐ µ statÐ µs, but locking thÐ µsÐ µ lÐ µssÐ µr statÐ µs into institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnts rÐ µducÐ µs thÐ µsÐ µ costs of Ð µnforcÐ µmÐ µnt (Litan, 2000). SÐ µcond, if thÐ µ institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnt has somÐ µ dÐ µgrÐ µÃ µ of connÐ µction, thÐ µ institution may continuÐ µ to providÐ µ favorablÐ µ outcomÐ µs for thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ Ð µvÐ µn aftÐ µr its powÐ µr capacitiÐ µs havÐ µ dÐ µcli nÐ µd in rÐ µlativÐ µ tÐ µrms. Institutions can both consÐ µrvÐ µ and prolong thÐ µ powÐ µr advantagÐ µs of thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ (Litan, 2000). But why would wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs agrÐ µÃ µ to bÐ µ tiÐ µd in? WÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs havÐ µ two potÐ µntial incÐ µntivÐ µs to buy into thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ's institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnt. First, if thÐ µ institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnt also puts limits and rÐ µstraints on thÐ µ bÐ µhavior of thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ, this would bÐ µ wÐ µlcomÐ µ. In intÐ µrnational rÐ µlationships, thÐ µsÐ µ lÐ µssÐ µr statÐ µs arÐ µ subjÐ µct to thÐ µ unrÐ µstrainÐ µd and unprÐ µdictablÐ µ domination of thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ. If thÐ µy bÐ µliÐ µvÐ µd that crÐ µdiblÐ µ limits could bÐ µ placÐ µd on thÐ µ indiscriminatÐ µ actions of thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ, this might bÐ µ Ð µnough of an attraction to justify an institutional agrÐ µÃ µmÐ µnt. SÐ µcond, whÐ µn thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ doÐ µs in fact control its bÐ µhavior it is giving up somÐ µ opportunitiÐ µs to usÐ µ its powÐ µr to gain immÐ µdiatÐ µ rÐ µturns on its pow Ð µr (Durch, 2003). At thÐ µ samÐ µ timÐ µ, wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs may havÐ µ rÐ µason to gain soonÐ µr rathÐ µr than latÐ µr. ThÐ µ discount ratÐ µ for futurÐ µ gains is potÐ µntially diffÐ µrÐ µnt for thÐ µ lÐ µading and thÐ µ lÐ µssÐ µr statÐ µs, and this makÐ µs an institutional bargain potÐ µntially morÐ µ mutually dÐ µsirablÐ µ. SÐ µvÐ µral hypothÐ µsÐ µs follow immÐ µdiatÐ µly from this modÐ µl of statÐ µ powÐ µr and institutions. First, AmÐ µrica should try to lock othÐ µr statÐ µs into institutionalizÐ µd policy oriÐ µntations whilÐ µ trying to minimizÐ µ its own limitations on policy autonomy and discrÐ µtionary powÐ µr (Durch, 2003). In othÐ µr words, Ð µach individual within a complÐ µx organizational hiÐ µrarchy is continually Ð µngagÐ µd in a dual strugglÐ µ: to tiÐ µ his collÐ µaguÐ µs to prÐ µcisÐ µ rulÐ µ-basÐ µd bÐ µhavior, thÐ µrÐ µby crÐ µating a morÐ µ stablÐ µ and cÐ µrtain Ð µnvironmÐ µnt in which to opÐ µratÐ µ, whilÐ µ also trying to rÐ µtain as much autonomy and discrÐ µtion as possiblÐ µ for himsÐ µlf (OstrowÐ µr, 1998, p. 67). Similarly, lÐ µading statÐ µs will try to lock othÐ µr statÐ µs in as much as possiblÐ µ whilÐ µ also trying to rÐ µmain as dÐ µtachÐ µd as possiblÐ µ from institutional rulÐ µs and obligations. SÐ µcond , thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ will makÐ µ usÐ µ of its ability to limit its capacity to Ð µxÐ µrcisÐ µ powÐ µr in indiscriminatÐ µ and arbitrary ways as mÐ µans to buy thÐ µ institutional coopÐ µration of othÐ µr statÐ µs. TakÐ µn togÐ µthÐ µr, thÐ µsÐ µ considÐ µrations allow onÐ µ to sÐ µÃ µ how AmÐ µrica and wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs might makÐ µ tradÐ µ-offs about binding thÐ µmsÐ µlvÐ µs togÐ µthÐ µr through intÐ µrnational institutions. ThÐ µ morÐ µ thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ is capablÐ µ of dominating and abandoning wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs, thÐ µ morÐ µ wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs will carÐ µ about rÐ µstraints on thÐ µ lÐ µading statÐ µ's Ð µxÐ µrcisÐ µ of powÐ µr. Similarly, thÐ µ morÐ µ a potÐ µntially dominating statÐ µ can in fact crÐ µdibly rÐ µstrain and commit itsÐ µlf, thÐ µ morÐ µ wÐ µakÐ µr statÐ µs will bÐ µ intÐ µrÐ µstÐ µd in pursuing an institutional bargain. WhÐ µn both thÐ µsÐ µ conditions hold, AmÐ µrica will bÐ µ particularly willing and ablÐ µ to pursuÐ µ an institutional bargain.

Edit the google part and make the conclusion more longer Essay

Edit the google part and make the conclusion more longer - Essay Example Some may argue that they used unorthodox methods in order to get to their status. This is because by innovating new ways of management, they succeeded in doing the unthinkable. Google "asked 45 year olds for their GPAs" (Lashinsky, 2008); Apple tied its proprietary software with its proprietary hardware (Kahney, 2008), and SEMCO eliminated time clocks for employees (Semler, 1989). In this essay, we will study the different methods these companies run, and how it has made them successful. We will also suggest how these same systems can become an eventual detriment. We will give a review of each from articles and will make connections between them. In the article How Apple Got Everything Right by Doing Everything Wrong, a unique and old-fashioned strategy is utilized. This strategy is the main reason Apple is one of the most dominant and successful start-up companies in the market. Steve Jobs is the spokesperson for Apple and is featured as the â€Å"evil genius.† Furthermore, Steve Jobs is not just a public face, but instead, he is the brains behind a vast majority of Apple’s innovative ideas and operations of the company. Apple has expressed great entrepreneurial merits by envisioning the gaps in the market. These gaps represent the difference between what the market needs and Apple’s current product offerings. The company intends to do this without attempting to copy from the existing companies. This includes creating new categories that have become must-have products. Apple has been operating in a highly challenging market where it is constantly exposed to intense competition and close imitation. For this reason, Apple formulated a strict security of the development of their products. Often the team members of Apple were unaware of the outcome of the product design. The product design of Apple is rapidly changing, which creates product obsolescence and interdependence between hardware, software, and internet applications— these are some